fix(@angular/build): exclude all entrypoints of a library from prebundling

The configuration now ensures that when a package is listed for exclusion, all paths within that package including sub-paths like `@foo/bar/baz`  are marked as external and not prebundled by the development server.

For example, specifying `@foo/bar` in the exclude list will prevent the development server from bundling any files from the `@foo/bar` package, including its sub-paths such as `@foo/bar/baz`.

This aligns with esbuild external option behaviour https://esbuild.github.io/api/#external

Closes #29170

packages/angular/build/src/builders/application/execute-build.ts

@@ -163,21 +163,49 @@ export async function executeBuild(
   // Analyze external imports if external options are enabled
   if (options.externalPackages || bundlingResult.externalConfiguration) {
     const {
-      externalConfiguration,
-      externalImports: { browser, server },
+      externalConfiguration = [],
+      externalImports: { browser = [], server = [] },
     } = bundlingResult;
-    const implicitBrowser = browser ? [...browser] : [];
-    const implicitServer = server ? [...server] : [];
-    // TODO: Implement wildcard externalConfiguration filtering
-    executionResult.setExternalMetadata(
-      externalConfiguration
-        ? implicitBrowser.filter((value) => !externalConfiguration.includes(value))
-        : implicitBrowser,
-      externalConfiguration
-        ? implicitServer.filter((value) => !externalConfiguration.includes(value))
-        : implicitServer,
-      externalConfiguration,
-    );
+    // Similar to esbuild, --external:@foo/bar automatically implies --external:@foo/bar/*,
+    // which matches import paths like @foo/bar/baz.
+    // This means all paths within the @foo/bar package are also marked as external.
+    const exclusionsPrefixes = externalConfiguration.map((exclusion) => exclusion + '/');
+    const exclusions = new Set(externalConfiguration);
+    const explicitExternal = new Set<string>();
+
+    const isExplicitExternal = (dep: string): boolean => {
+      if (exclusions.has(dep)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      for (const prefix of exclusionsPrefixes) {
+        if (dep.startsWith(prefix)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return false;
+    };
+
+    const implicitBrowser: string[] = [];
+    for (const dep of browser) {
+      if (isExplicitExternal(dep)) {
+        explicitExternal.add(dep);
+      } else {
+        implicitBrowser.push(dep);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const implicitServer: string[] = [];
+    for (const dep of server) {
+      if (isExplicitExternal(dep)) {
+        explicitExternal.add(dep);
+      } else {
+        implicitServer.push(dep);
+      }
+    }
+
+    executionResult.setExternalMetadata(implicitBrowser, implicitServer, [...explicitExternal]);
   }
 
   const { metafile, initialFiles, outputFiles } = bundlingResult;

packages/angular/build/src/builders/application/options.ts

@@ -433,7 +433,14 @@ export async function normalizeOptions(
     baseHref,
     cacheOptions,
     crossOrigin,
-    externalDependencies,
+    externalDependencies: normalizeExternals(externalDependencies),
+    externalPackages:
+      typeof externalPackages === 'object'
+        ? {
+            ...externalPackages,
+            exclude: normalizeExternals(externalPackages.exclude),
+          }
+        : externalPackages,
     extractLicenses,
     inlineStyleLanguage,
     jit: !aot,
@@ -441,7 +448,6 @@ export async function normalizeOptions(
     polyfills: polyfills === undefined || Array.isArray(polyfills) ? polyfills : [polyfills],
     poll,
     progress,
-    externalPackages,
     preserveSymlinks,
     stylePreprocessorOptions,
     subresourceIntegrity,
@@ -677,3 +683,23 @@ export function getLocaleBaseHref(
 
   return baseHrefSuffix !== '' ? urlJoin(baseHref, baseHrefSuffix) : undefined;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Normalizes an array of external dependency paths by ensuring that
+ * wildcard patterns (`/*`) are removed from package names.
+ *
+ * This avoids the need to handle this normalization repeatedly in our plugins,
+ * as esbuild already treats `--external:@foo/bar` as implicitly including
+ * `--external:@foo/bar/*`. By standardizing the input, we ensure consistency
+ * and reduce redundant checks across our plugins.
+ *
+ * @param value - An optional array of dependency paths to normalize.
+ * @returns A new array with wildcard patterns removed from package names, or `undefined` if input is `undefined`.
+ */
+function normalizeExternals(value: string[] | undefined): string[] | undefined {
+  if (!value) {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  return [...new Set(value.map((d) => (d.endsWith('/*') ? d.slice(0, -2) : d)))];
+}

packages/angular/build/src/builders/application/schema.json

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
       "additionalProperties": false
     },
     "externalDependencies": {
-      "description": "Exclude the listed external dependencies from being bundled into the bundle. Instead, the created bundle relies on these dependencies to be available during runtime.",
+      "description": "Exclude the listed external dependencies from being bundled into the bundle. Instead, the created bundle relies on these dependencies to be available during runtime. Note: `@foo/bar` marks all paths within the `@foo/bar` package as external, including sub-paths like `@foo/bar/baz`.",
       "type": "array",
       "items": {
         "type": "string"

packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/schema.json

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
           "type": "object",
           "properties": {
             "exclude": {
-              "description": "List of package imports that should not be prebundled by the development server. The packages will be bundled into the application code itself.",
+              "description": "List of package imports that should not be prebundled by the development server. The packages will be bundled into the application code itself. Note: specifying `@foo/bar` marks all paths within the `@foo/bar` package as excluded, including sub-paths like `@foo/bar/baz`.",
               "type": "array",
               "items": { "type": "string" }
             }

packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/tests/behavior/build-external-dependencies_spec.ts

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describeServeBuilder(executeDevServer, DEV_SERVER_BUILDER_INFO, (harness, setupT
 
     it('respects import specifiers when using baseHref with trailing slash', async () => {
       setupTarget(harness, {
-        externalDependencies: ['rxjs', 'rxjs/operators'],
+        externalDependencies: ['rxjs'],
         baseHref: '/test/',
       });
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describeServeBuilder(executeDevServer, DEV_SERVER_BUILDER_INFO, (harness, setupT
 
     it('respects import specifiers when using baseHref without trailing slash', async () => {
       setupTarget(harness, {
-        externalDependencies: ['rxjs', 'rxjs/operators'],
+        externalDependencies: ['rxjs/*'],
         baseHref: '/test',
       });
 

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/bundler-context.ts

@@ -359,17 +359,16 @@ export class BundlerContext {
     // Collect all external package names
     const externalImports = new Set<string>();
     for (const { imports } of Object.values(result.metafile.outputs)) {
-      for (const importData of imports) {
+      for (const { external, kind, path } of imports) {
         if (
-          !importData.external ||
-          SERVER_GENERATED_EXTERNALS.has(importData.path) ||
-          (importData.kind !== 'import-statement' &&
-            importData.kind !== 'dynamic-import' &&
-            importData.kind !== 'require-call')
+          !external ||
+          SERVER_GENERATED_EXTERNALS.has(path) ||
+          (kind !== 'import-statement' && kind !== 'dynamic-import' && kind !== 'require-call')
         ) {
           continue;
         }
-        externalImports.add(importData.path);
+
+        externalImports.add(path);
       }
     }
 

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/bundler-execution-result.ts

@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ export class ExecutionResult {
   setExternalMetadata(
     implicitBrowser: string[],
     implicitServer: string[],
-    explicit: string[] | undefined,
+    explicit: string[],
   ): void {
-    this.externalMetadata = { implicitBrowser, implicitServer, explicit: explicit ?? [] };
+    this.externalMetadata = { implicitBrowser, implicitServer, explicit };
   }
 
   get output() {

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/external-packages-plugin.ts

@@ -19,7 +19,14 @@ const EXTERNAL_PACKAGE_RESOLUTION = Symbol('EXTERNAL_PACKAGE_RESOLUTION');
  * @returns An esbuild plugin.
  */
 export function createExternalPackagesPlugin(options?: { exclude?: string[] }): Plugin {
-  const exclusions = options?.exclude?.length ? new Set(options.exclude) : undefined;
+  const exclusions = new Set<string>(options?.exclude);
+  // Similar to esbuild, --external:@foo/bar automatically implies --external:@foo/bar/*,
+  // which matches import paths like @foo/bar/baz.
+  // This means all paths within the @foo/bar package are also marked as external.
+  const exclusionsPrefixes = options?.exclude?.map((exclusion) => exclusion + '/') ?? [];
+  const seenExclusions: Set<string> = new Set();
+  const seenExternals = new Set<string>();
+  const seenNonExclusions: Set<string> = new Set();
 
   return {
     name: 'angular-external-packages',
@@ -33,7 +40,7 @@ export function createExternalPackagesPlugin(options?: { exclude?: string[] }):
           .map(([key]) => key);
 
       // Safe to use native packages external option if no loader options or exclusions present
-      if (!exclusions && !loaderOptionKeys?.length) {
+      if (!exclusions.size && !loaderOptionKeys?.length) {
         build.initialOptions.packages = 'external';
 
         return;
@@ -47,10 +54,26 @@ export function createExternalPackagesPlugin(options?: { exclude?: string[] }):
           return null;
         }
 
-        if (exclusions?.has(args.path)) {
+        if (seenExternals.has(args.path)) {
+          return { external: true };
+        }
+
+        if (exclusions.has(args.path) || seenExclusions.has(args.path)) {
           return null;
         }
 
+        if (!seenNonExclusions.has(args.path)) {
+          for (const exclusion of exclusionsPrefixes) {
+            if (args.path.startsWith(exclusion)) {
+              seenExclusions.add(args.path);
+
+              return null;
+            }
+          }
+
+          seenNonExclusions.add(args.path);
+        }
+
         const { importer, kind, resolveDir, namespace, pluginData = {} } = args;
         pluginData[EXTERNAL_PACKAGE_RESOLUTION] = true;
 
@@ -62,11 +85,18 @@ export function createExternalPackagesPlugin(options?: { exclude?: string[] }):
           resolveDir,
         });
 
-        // Return result if unable to resolve or explicitly marked external (externalDependencies option)
-        if (!result.path || result.external) {
+        // Return result if unable to resolve
+        if (!result.path) {
           return result;
         }
 
+        // Return if explicitly marked external (externalDependencies option)
+        if (result.external) {
+          seenExternals.add(args.path);
+
+          return { external: true };
+        }
+
         // Allow customized loaders to run against configured paths regardless of location
         if (loaderFileExtensions.has(extname(result.path))) {
           return result;
@@ -74,10 +104,9 @@ export function createExternalPackagesPlugin(options?: { exclude?: string[] }):
 
         // Mark paths from a node modules directory as external
         if (/[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/.test(result.path)) {
-          return {
-            path: args.path,
-            external: true,
-          };
+          seenExternals.add(args.path);
+
+          return { external: true };
         }
 
         // Otherwise return original result

packages/angular/build/src/tools/vite/plugins/id-prefix-plugin.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export function createRemoveIdPrefixPlugin(externals: string[]): Plugin {
         return;
       }
 
-      const escapedExternals = externals.map(escapeRegexSpecialChars);
+      const escapedExternals = externals.map((e) => escapeRegexSpecialChars(e) + '(?:/.+)?');
       const prefixedExternalRegex = new RegExp(
         `${resolvedConfig.base}${VITE_ID_PREFIX}(${escapedExternals.join('|')})`,
         'g',